¼ÎÇìɱºÍ«|ɱµÄ¶ÔÂð(¼ÎÇìɱÁ˺ͫ|ÊǶԻ¹ÊÇ´í)

ÄúºÃ£¬Èç¹û¶ÔÓÚ¼ÎÇìɱºÍ«|ɱµÄ¶ÔÂðµÄÁ˽⻹²»ÉîÈ룬ÄÇôÎÒÃÇÕâƪÎÄÕ¾ͷdz£ÊʺÏÄú¡£½ñÌ죬ÎÒÃÇÒªÉî¶ÈÆÊÎöµÄ¾ÍÊǼÎÇìɱºÍ«|ɱµÄ¶ÔÂð¼°ÆäÏà¹ØµÄ¼ÎÇìɱÁ˺ͫ|ÊǶԻ¹ÊÇ´í¡£ÎÒÃÇ×ö×ãÁË×¼±¸£¬½â´ð´ó¼ÒÐÄÖеÄÒÉÎÊ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬ÈÃÎÒÃÇÒ»Æð½øÈëÖ÷Ìâ°É£¡

Ò»¡¢¼ÎÇìɱÁ˺ͫ|ÊǶԻ¹ÊÇ´í

ɱºÍ«|ÊÇ´íµÄ£¡ºÍ«|ËäȻ̰£¬µ«ÊÇËû°ìÊÂ~¼ÍÏþá°ºÍÁõÂÞ¹ø¼ÓÒ»Æ𶼲»ÐУ¡£¡Èç¹ûºÍ«|ÕæÓÐı·´Ö®ÐÄ£¬ºÍ«|ºÍ¼ÍÏþá°Ôç¾Í±»Ëû¸ÉµôÁË£¡ÎªÉ¶²»¸Éµô£¬ÒòΪºÍ«|ÊÇÖÒ³¼£¡£¡ËûÖÒÓڻʵۣ¬ÖªµÀÕâÁ©ÈËÓÐÓᢶԹú¼Ò¡¢¶Ô»ÊµÛÓÐÓÃ~~¼ÎÇì¸ÉµôºÍ«|£¬µÈÓÚ×Ô¶ÏÊÖ±Û£¬Ö±½Óµ¼Ö³¯³¼¸÷×Ô±§ÍÅȡů¡¢ÈËÈË×ÔΣ¡£¼ÎÇìɶºÍ«|²»ÊÇÒòΪºÍ«|Ì°£¬¶øÊÇźͫ|¹¦¸ß¸ÇÖ÷£¬ÕâÖ±½Ó˵Ã÷Á˼ÎÇìµÄСÐÄÑÛ

¶þ¡¢ÄãÈÏΪ¼ÎÇìɱÁ˺ͫ|ÊǶԻ¹ÊÇ´í

ÎÒ¾õµÃÊǶԵģ¬ºÍ«|Õâ¸öÈËÄÜÁ¦³¬Ç¿£¬ÖιúÀí²ÆºÜÓб¾Á죬¸øǬ¡»ÊµÛ§ǮҲÓа취£¬ÀýÈçËû¿ª´´ÁË¡°Òé×ïÒø¡±¾ÍÊÇÄã·¸×ïÁ˽»µãÇ®¾Í¿ÉÒÔ¹ý¹ØÁË£¬Õâ²»¾ÍÊÇÒ»¸ö¸¯°ÜË°Â𣿹ÙԱ̰ÎÛÁË£¬ÄóöÒ»²¿·Ö½»¸øÀÏ´ó¾ÍûÊÂÁË£¬Õâ²»ÊǹÄÀø¹ÙԱ̰ÎÛÂ𣿵«ÄãÒÔΪǬ¡ÔÚºõÕâ¸öÂð£¿Ëû²»ÔÚºõ£¬Ëû¿´×Źú¼Ò²ÆÕþ³äÓ¯£¬Ð¡½ð¿âÂúÂú£¬Ëû¸ßÐË»¹À´²»¼°¡£ÔÚÕâÑùµÄÇé¿öÏ£¬Ë­»¹¹ÜÀÏ°ÙÐÕµÄËÀ»î£¬ÒÔÖÁÓÚÃñ²»ÁÄÉú£¬ÎÊÌâÒ»ÄêÄê»ýÀÛÏÂÀ´£¬µ½Á˼ÎÇìÄê¼äÎÊÌâ¾Í±©Â¶ÁË£¬ÀýÈç°×Á«½ÌÆðÒ壬¾Í·¢ÉúÔÚ¼ÎÇ켴λÄÇÄ꣬1796Ä꣬һ²¦²¦µÄ¹Ù±ø¹ýÈ¥£¬Ò»²¦²¦µÄ°ÜÕÌ£¬Ò»Ö±µ½¼ÎÇì¾ÅÄê1804Äê²Å²î²»¶àÏûÃðÁË£¬¼ÎÇìÄܲ»ÖªµÀÕâºÍËûµùµÄÖÎÀí·½ÕëÓйأ¬µ«ÊÇËûΪʲô²»Ò»ÉÏÀ´¾ÍɱµôºÍ«|ÄØ£¿ÒòΪÕâʱºòËûµù»¹Ã»ËÀ¡£

Èý¡¢ºÍ«|ÓÐȨÓÐÊÆ,ΪºÎ²»ÏȳýµôҪɱ×Ô¼ºµÄ¼ÎÇì

Öйú¹Å´ú×ÔÌÆ´ú¿ªÊ¼£¬¾ÍûÓÐȨ³¼´ÛλµÄÏÖÏóÁË¡£´ó³¼ÏëÒª°Ñ»ÊµÛ³ýµô£¬¼¸ºõÊDz»¿ÉÄܵġ£µ«ÊÇÔÚÌÆ´ú֮ǰÓÐÕâ¸öÏÖÏ󣬱ÈÈçÍõç¡¢Ñî¼áµÈÈ˾ÍÊÇͨ¹ý´Ûλµ±Éϻʵ۵ġ£ÎªÊ²Ã´×ÔÌÆ´ú¿ªÊ¼¾ÍûÓÐÁËÄØ£¿ÒòΪÕâһʱÆÚµÄØ©ÏàÒѾ­²»ÊÇÕæÕýµÄØ©ÏàÁË£¬Ø©ÏàµÄȨÁ¦±»·Ö¸îÁË¡£

ËåÎĵÛÑî¼á»­Ïñ

Ø©ÏàÊÇ°Ù¹ÙÖ®³¤£¬µØλ½ö´ÎÓڻʵۣ¬Î÷ººÊ±ÆÚ£¬ÏôºÎ¡¢²Ü²Î¡¢ÖܲªµÈÈË£¬½Ôµ£ÈιýØ©Ï࣬¡¶Ê·¼Ç¡¤ÊÀ¼Ò¡·ÖÐÓС¶ÏôÏà¹úÊÀ¼Ò¡·¡¢¡¶²ÜÏà¹úÊÀ¼Ò¡·¡¢¡¶ç­ºîÖܲªÊÀ¼Ò¡·µÈµÈ£¬¡°ÊÀ¼Ò¡±ÔÚÊ·¼ÇÖÐÊÇÖîºîÍõµÄ´«¼Ç£¬ËùÒÔ£¬Î÷ºº³õÆÚµÄØ©Ï࣬ÆäµØλÏ൱ÓÚÖîºî¡£

ÔÚÌƳ¯ÒÔÇ°£¬Ô×ÏàÊÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿ª¸®µÄ£¬ÏฮÊÇÒ»¸öÐÐÕþ»ú¹¹£¬Ø©Ïà×Ô±ÙÁÅÊô£¬¶ÔØ©Ïฮ½øÐлú¹¹ÉèÖ㬻ʵ۵ÄÚ¯ÊéҪת·¢µ½Ø©Ïฮ£¬ÓÉØ©ÏàÇ©Ê𣬵±È»Ø©Ïà±ØÐëÒª°´Õջʵ۵ÄÒâͼ°ìÊ£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬Èç¹û»ÊµÛµÄÚ¯Êé²»·ûºÏ×æÖÆ»òÕßÓв»Í×µ±Ö®´¦£¬Ø©ÏàÊÇÓÐȨÁ¦²µ»ØµÄ£¬Ø©ÏàÒ²»á¶Ô»ÊµÛ½øÐÐÈ°ÚÉ¡£×ÔÌÆ´ú¿ªÊ¼£¬Ø©ÏàÒѲ»ÄÜ¿ª¸®£¬²»ÊÇÒ»¼¶ÐÐÕþ»ú¹¹ÁË¡£Ø©Ïà½ÇÉ«µÄת±ä£¬Æäʵ»¹µÃ×·Ëݵ½ººÎäµÛʱÆÚ¡£

ººÎäµÛʱÆÚ£¬Îª¼ÓÇ¿ÖÐÑ뼯Ȩ£¬Öð²½ÐγÉÁËÍ⳯ºÍÖг¯£¬Öг¯Êǻʵ۵ÄÄÚÍ¢£¬Ö÷Òª¹ÙÔ±ÓÐÊÌÖС¢³£ÊÌ¡¢É¢Æï¡¢½«¾üµÈµÈ£¬Í⳯¾ÍÊÇÈý¹«¾ÅÇ䣬ÒÔØ©Ïࡢ̫ξ¡¢ÓùÊ·´ó·ò¡¢¾ÅÇäΪºËÐĵÄÐÐÕþ»ú¹¹£¬³öÏÖÁËÖг¯Ñ¹ÖÆÍ⳯µÄÏÖÏ󣬺óÀ´£¬Öг¯µÄÊÌÖС¢³£ÊÌ¡¢É¢ÆïµÈְλÖð²½·¢Õ¹ÎªÖÐÊé¡¢ÃÅÏ¡¢ÉÐÊéµÈÖ°£¬´ÓÇغºÊ±ÆÚµÄÈý¹«¾ÅÇäÖÆת±äΪÁËËåÌÆʱÆÚµÄÈýÊ¡Áù²¿ÖÆ¡£

ÈýÊ¡µÄ³¤¹ÙÉÐÊéÁî¡¢ÖÐÊéÁî¡¢ÊÌÖУ¬ÃûÒåÉÏÏ൱ÓÚÇغºÊ±ÆÚµÄØ©Ï࣬µ«ÊÇÆäȨÁ¦Òѱ»·Ö¸î¡£

ºÍ«|»­Ïñ

Ã÷³¯»¹·Ï³ýÁËØ©ÏàÖƶȣ¬Ã÷³¯µÄÄÚ¸óÊ׸¨Ï൱ÓÚØ©Ï࣬µ«È´²»ÊÇØ©Ï࣬¡°Èë¸ó°ìÊÂÕߣ¬Ö°ÔÚÅú´ð¡±£¬ÄÚ¸óÊ׸¨ÊÇЭÖú»ÊµÛÅú´ð×àÕ۵ģ¬Ò»°ãÓÉÄÚ¸ó´óѧʿ³äÈΡ£Ç峯ӺÕýÄê¼äÉèÖÃÁ˾ü»ú´¦£¬¾ü»ú´ó³¼È¡´úÁËÄÚ¸ó´óѧʿ³ÉΪÁËÇ峯µÄØ©Ï࣬µ«ÊÇ£¬¾ü»ú´ó³¼µÄµØλ±ÈÄÚ¸óÊ׸¨µÄµØλ»¹ÒªµÍ£¬¡°¹òÊܱʼ¡±¶øÒÑ£¬ÍêÈ«×ñÑ­»ÊµÛµÄÖ¼Òâ¡£

µ±È»£¬ÉíΪ¾ü»ú´ó³¼µÄºÍ«|ÓÉÓڵõ½ÁËǬ¡»ÊµÛµÄÐÅÈΣ¬È¨Á¦·Ç³£µÄ´ó£¬ÉõÖÁÁ¬¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛ¶¼µÃÌýºÍ«|µÄ£¬ÔÚǬ¡µ±Ì«ÉϻʵÄʱºò£¬Ç峯ÕæÕýÓÐʵȨµÄÈËÊÇǬ¡»ÊµÛºÍºÍ«|¡£ºÍ«|ÔÚÎä¹ÙϵͳÖл¹°²ÅÅÁË×Ô¼ºµÄÇ×ÐÅ£¬ÕÆÎÕÁËÒ»²¿·Ö±øȨ£¬µ«ÏëÒª³ýµô¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛÊDz»¿ÉÄܵġ£Ç峯µÄ¾ü»ú´ó³¼Ö»²»¹ýÊÇ¡°¹òÊܱʼ¡±¶øÒÑ£¬ºÍ«|µÄȨÁ¦¶¼ÊÇǬ¡»ÊµÛ¸øµÄ£¬¼´Ê¹ÕÆÎÕÁ˲¿·Ö±øȨ£¬Ò²Ãû²»Õý¡¢ÑÔ²»Ë³£¬×ÔËγ¯¿ªÊ¼£¬µ÷±øȨºÍͳ±øȨ¾ÍÊÇ·Ö¿ªµÄ£¬ÒÔÎÄÖÆÎ䣬Ã÷ÇåʱÆÚ£¬ÕæÕýµÄ¾üȨÕÆÎÕÔڻʵÛÊÖÖС£

¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛ»­Ïñ

ºÍ«|Ö®ËùÒÔûÓгýµô¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛ£¬·´¶ø±»¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛ³ýµôÁË£¬Ò²Óë¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛµÄµ±»úÁ¢¶ÏÓйء£

¼ÎÇìËÄÄ꣨1799Ä꣩£¬Ì«ÉÏ»ÊǬ¡¼Ý±À£¬ºÍ«|ʧȥÁË»ÊȨµÄÖ§³Ö£¬ÁõÜ­¿ªÊ¼µ¯ÛÀºÍ«|£¬¶ø֮ǰµÄÁõÜ­Ò»Ö±ÔÚ×°ºýÍ¿£¬´ÓÁõÜ­µÄ±ä»¯£¬ÎÒÃÇÒ²¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö¾ü»ú´ó³¼µÄȨÁ¦À´×ÔÓÚ»ÊȨÕâ¸öÊÂʵ£¬Ê§È¥»ÊȨ֧³ÖµÄºÍ«|£¬Ã»ÓÐʲôȨÁ¦ÁË£¬ËùÒÔ£¬ÁõÜ­²Å¸Òµ¯ÛÀºÍ«|¡£

ΪÁ˳ýµôºÍ«|£¬¼ÎÇì»ÊµÛ»¹ÌØÒâÈúͫ|½ø¹¬£¬°ìÀíǬ¡»ÊµÛµÄɥʣ¬µÈÓÚÊǽ«ºÍ«|¿ØÖÆÁËÆðÀ´£¬È빬ÒÔºóµÄºÍ«|£¬¼´Ê¹ÔÚ³¯Í¢ÓÐÄÇôһµãµãȨÁ¦£¬Ò²Ê©Õ¹²»¿ªÊÖ½ÅÁË¡£